4 April 1938 – 17 September 2013.

His first poems were published in newspapers while he was a student. His publications include collections of his poems and other work: Iron Roots (1969), Snow Chrysanthemums (1975), Great Leaf Shedding (1997), Poems (1980), Torghva Dzagani (1980), The Iceberg Drifts Southwards (1982), Essays (1983), The Flight Trajectory (1985), The Guest (1986). In 1984 a selection of his poems Snow Flowers were published in Russian, translated by Giga Chelidze.

At various times he worked as an editor in Sabchota Sakartvelo Publishing House, magazine Kritika, publishing house Merani, literary newspapers Literaturuli Sakartvelo and Sakartvelos Samreklo.