Born 1932.

In 1956 he graduated from the Journalism Department of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi University. His first collection of poetry Attraction was published in 1964.

He instantly attracted the readers’ attention due to boldly experimenting with the language and verse forms, his favourite means being irony, grotesque, parody and slang.

His main publications are: The Swings (1965), Stone and War (1967), The New Moon (1970), The Two (1972), Shredded Serpentine (1973), The Year of a Calm Sun (1975), The Honeymoon Century (1978), Long Poems (1979), Stresses and Words (1980), The Selected (1982), The Writer’s Red Book (1985), The Colchis Capriccio (Merani, 1988), The Honeymoon Century – 2 (2002).

He is the author of numerous poems for children, critical essays and translations. His poems are translated into many languages.